Efek Nitrogen Tambahan dari Urea pada Cerna, Pola Fermentasi Rumen, Populasi Mikroba Keseimbangan Nitrogen Pada Kambing Periode Pertumbuhan

Aisyah Zeba Aafiya

Abstract


Untuk studi ini, empat Thai asli (TN) x Anglo Nubian (AN) blasteran kambing periode pertumbuhan dengan liveweight rata-rata 19,0 + 1 kg secara acak digunakan dalam 4x4 desain persegi Latin untuk mengetahui pengaruh nitrogen tambahan dari urea pada kecernaan, rumen pola fermentasi, populasi mikroba dan keseimbangan nitrogen dalam kambing periode pertumbuhan. Rumput gajah segar (FEG) ditawarkan ad libitum sebagai serat tersebut. Empat perawatan diet dengan nitrogen tambahan dari urea yang T1 = urea pada 0% singkong, (CC = 30%), T2 = urea pada 1% (CC = 40%), T3 = urea sebesar 2% (CC = 50%) dan T4 = urea sebesar 3% (CC = 60%), masing-masing. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p> 0,05) antara kelompok perlakuan mengenai asupan gizi (OMI, CPI, NDFI dan ADFI) dan koefisien pencernaan nutrisi (DM, OM, CP, NDF dan ADF) , sementara asupan gizi dicerna CP (g / d) dipengaruhi oleh meningkatnya kadar urea. profil asam lemak volatil rumen yang serupa di antara perawatan. Selain itu, populasi mikroorganisme rumen tidak terpengaruh (p> 0,05) dengan meningkatkan kadar urea. Jumlah penyerapan N dan retensi yang serupa di antara pengobatan, kecuali untuk T4 yang cenderung sedikit lebih rendah dalam penyerapan N dibandingkan dengan kontrol diet, tetapi lebih tinggi N keluaran dipertahankan (% dari asupan N) daripada kambing kontrol-makan. Dari hasil keseluruhan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat yang lebih tinggi dari urea (3%) dapat digunakan dengan tingkat tinggi CC (60%) dalam konsentrat ketika diberi makan dengan FEG dan ditemukan untuk menjadi pendekatan yang baik untuk mengeksploitasi penggunaan sumber daya lokal pakan untuk produksi kambing

Keywords


Urea; singkong; kambing periode pertumbuhan; cerna; Blance nitrogen

Full Text:

PDF

References


AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis, 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, Virginia. Benner, M.J., Tushman, M.L., 2003. Exploitation, exploration, and process management: the productivity dilemma revisited. Academy of Management Review 28 (2), 238–256.

Bird, S.H., Rowe, J.B., Choct, M., Stachiw, S., Tler, P. and Thompson, R.D. 1999. In vitro fermentation of grain and enzymatic digestion of cereal starch. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia. 12: 53-61.

Cameron, M.R., Klusmeyer, T.H., Lynch, G.L., Clark, J.H. and Nelson, D.R. 1991. Effects of urea and starch on rumen fermentation, nutrient passage to the duodenum and performance of cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 74: 1321-1336.

Castillo, A.R., Kebreab, E., Beever, D.E., Barbi, J.H., Sutton, J.D., Kirby, H.C. and France, J. 2001. The effect of protein supplementation on nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows fed grass silage diets. Journal of Animal Science. 79: 247-253.

Chanjula. P., Ngampongsai, W. and Wanapat, M. 2007 . Effects of replacing ground corn with cassava chip in concentrate on feed intake, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial populations in goats. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 20: 1557-1566.

Chesson, A., Stewart, C.S. and Wallace, R.J. 1982. Influence of plant phenolic acids on growth and cellulytic activity of rumen bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 44: 597-606.

France, J. and Siddons, R.C. 1993. Volatile fatty acid production. In: Quantitive Aspects Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism. (Eds. J.M. Forbes and J. France). CAB International, Willingford, United Kingdom. pp. 107122.

Galyean, M. 1989. Laboratory Procedure in Animal Nutrition Research. Department of Animal and Life Science. New Mexico State University, New Mexico.

Goering, H.K. and Van Soest, P.J. 1970. Forage Fiber Analysis (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agriculture Handbook. No. 370, USDAARS, Washington, DC, 20p.

Hungate, R.E. 1966. The Rumen and Its Microbes. Academic Press, New York and London.

Hungate, R.E. 1969. A roll tube method for cultivation of strict anaerobes. In: Methods in Microbiology, (Eds. J.R. Norris and D.W. Ribbons), Vol. 3B, Academic

P. Chanjula & W. Ngampongsai / Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 30 (5), 571-578, 2008578

Press, New York and London. pp. 117-132. Huntington, G.B. and Archibeque, S.L. 1999. Practical aspects of urea and ammonia metabolism in ruminants. Proc. of the American Soc. of Anim. Sci. pp. 1-11.

Kabi, F., Bareeba, F.B., Havrevoll, Ø. and Mpofu, I.D.T. 2005. Evaluation of protein degradation characteristics and metabolisable protein of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and locally available protein supplements. Livestock Production Science. 95: 143153.

Kearl, L.C. 1982. Nutrient Requirements of Ruminants in Developing Countries. Logan: International Feedstuffs Institute. Utah State University, Utah.

McAllan, A.B. 1991. Optimizing the use of poor quality forage feed resources for ruminant production: supplementation with bypass nutrients. In: Isotope and Related Techniques in Animal Production and Health. Proc. of Symposium, 15-19 April, Joinly Organized by IAEA and FAO, Vienna.

McCarthy, R.D., Jr., Klusmeyer, T.H., Vicini, J.L., Clark, J.H. and Nelson, D.R. 1989. Effects of source of protein and carbohydrate on ruminal fermentation and passage of nutrients to the small intestine of lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 72: 2002-2016.

McCollum, F.T.I. and Horn, G.W. 1990. Protein supplementation of grazing livestock: A review. The Professional Animal Scientist. 6: 1-11.

Narjisse, H., Elhonsali, M.A. and Olsen, J.D. 1995. Effects of oak (Quercus ilex) tannins on digestion and nitrogen balance in sheep goats. Small Ruminant Research 18: 201-212.

Nolan, J.V. 1993. Nitrogen kinetics. In: Quantitative Aspecta of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism. (Eds. R.C. Gutteridge and H.M. Shelton). CAB International, Willingford, United Kingdom. pp. 123-143.

NRC. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 6th rev. ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.

Petersen, M.K. 1987. Nitrogen supplementation of grazing livestock. In: Proc. Grazing Livest. Nutr. Conf. pp. 115. July 23-24, 1987, Jakson, WY.

Rode, L.M. and Satter, L.D. 1988. Effect of amount and length of alfalfa hay in diet containing barley or corn on site of digestion and rumen microbial protein synthesis in dairy cows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 68: 445-454.

Russell, J.B., O’Connor, J.D., Fox, D.G., Van Soest, P.J. and Sniffen, C.J. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: I. Ruminal fermentation. Journal of Animal Science. 70: 3551-3561.

Sarwar, M., Ajmal Khan, M. and Mahr-un-Nisa. 2003. Nitrogen retention and chemical composition of urea treated wheat straw ensiled with organic acids or fermentable carbohydrate. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 16: 1583-1592. SAS. 1990.

SAS/STATTM User’s Guide (Release 6.03). SAS Inst., Inc. Cary, NC.

Saxena, S.K., Otterby, D.E., Donker, J.D. and Good, A.L. 1971. Effects of feeding alkali-treatmented oat straw supplemented with soybean meal or non protein nitrogen on growth of lambs and on certain blood and rumen liquor parameters. Journal of Animal Science. 33: 485-490.

Schneider, B.H. and Flatt, W.P. 1975. The Evaluation of Feed through Digestibility Experiment. Athens: The University of Georgea Press. Georgia.

Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J.H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A biometerial approach. (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York.

Owens, F.N. and Zinn, R. 1988. Protein metabolism of ruminant animals. In: The Ruminant Animal Digestive Physiology and Nutrition (Ed. D.C. Church). Waveland Press Inc., Prospect Hights, Illinois.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35329/agrovital.v1i1.92

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 546 times | PDF - 383 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2017 AGROVITAL (Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian)



Alamat Penyunting & Distribusi:

Fakultas Ilmu Pertanian Univ. Al Asyariah Mandar Sulbar
Jl. Budi Utomo No. 2 Manding Polewali Mandar
Telp/Fax: (0428) 21038

Email: agrovitalfip@gmail.com

Website: https://journal.lppm-unasman.ac.id/index.php/agrovital/index

Penerbit:
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Al Asyariah Mandar

Indexed by:

       

   

Member of:

 

 

Creative Commons License
Agrovital is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.